Jhn_7:24 Stop μὴ judging κρίνετε by κατ’ outward appearances, ὄψιν, [and start] ἀλλὰ judging κρίνετε. - τὴν justly δικαίαν . . . .” κρίσιν*
Rom_14:13 Therefore οὖν vvv Μηκέτι let us stop judging κρίνωμεν· one another. ἀλλήλους Instead ἀλλὰ . . . , μᾶλλον, make up your mind κρίνατε - τοῦτο not μὴ - τὸ to put τιθέναι [any] stumbling block πρόσκομμα or ἢ obstacle σκάνδαλον. vvv τῷ in your brother’s way. ἀδελφῷ
(II) To judge, to form and express a judgment or opinion as to any person or thing, more commonly unfavorable. Followed by the acc. of person (Jhn_8:15; Rom_2:1, Rom_2:3; Rom_3:7; Rom_14:3-4, Rom_14:10, Rom_14:13; Col_2:16); by the acc. of thing (1Co_10:15). In an absolute sense (Mat_7:1-2; Luk_6:37; Jhn_8:16, Jhn_8:26; Rom_2:1; 1Co_4:5; 1Co_10:29). Followed by the interrogative with ei (G1487), if (Act_4:19).
Also with an adjunct of manner, equivalent to krínō krísin, to make a judgment according to appearance (Jhn_7:24); to judge that which is right (Luk_12:57); to judge rightly (Luk_7:43); to judge according to the flesh (Jhn_8:15). By implication to condemn, followed by the acc. (Rom_2:27; Rom_14:22; Jas_4:11-12; Sept.: Job_10:2).
(III) To judge in a judicial sense.
(A) To sit in judgment on any person, to try. Followed by the acc. (Jhn_18:31; Act_23:3; Act_24:6; 1Co_5:12). In the pass. krínomai, to be judged, tried, be on trial (Act_25:10; Rom_3:4; Sept.: Psa_51:6). Followed by perí (G4012), concerning, with the gen., to judge for something (Act_23:6; Act_24:21); by epí (G1909), upon, with the dat., for (Act_26:6 “to be judged for the hope” [a.t.]); by epí with the gen., meaning before someone (Act_25:9). Spoken in reference to the gospel dispensation, to the judgment of the great day of God as judging the world through Christ (Jhn_5:22; Jhn_8:50; Act_17:31; Rom_3:6); the secret things (Rom_2:16. See 1Co_5:13; Jas_2:12; 1Pe_1:17; 1Pe_2:23; Rev_11:18; Rev_20:12-13); of Jesus as the Messiah and Judge (Jhn_5:30; 2Ti_4:1); of Jesus Christ who will judge the living and the dead (1Pe_4:5; Rev_19:11); figuratively of the Apostles and saints (Mat_19:28; Luk_22:30; 1Co_6:2, “And if the world shall be judged by you”).
(B) In the sense of to pass judgment upon, condemn, with the acc. (Luk_19:22; Jhn_7:51; Act_13:27). As also implying punishment (1Co_11:31-32; 1Pe_4:6). Of the condemnation of the wicked and including the idea of punishment as a certain consequence, meaning to punish, take vengeance on. Spoken of God as judge (Act_7:7 quoted from Gen_15:14; Rom_2:12; 2Th_2:12; Heb_13:4; Rev_6:10; Rev_18:8, Rev_18:20; Rev_19:2); of Jesus (Jhn_3:17-18; Jhn_12:47-48; Jas_5:9; Sept.: Isa_66:16; Ezk_38:22).
(C) To vindicate, avenge (Heb_10:30, “The Lord will avenge His people” [a.t.], i.e., by punishing their enemies).
(IV) Mid. krínomai, particularly to let oneself be judged, i.e., to have a lawsuit, go to law, with the dat., meaning with someone (Mat_5:40; 1Co_6:6); with the gen., to be judged before, followed by epí (G1909), upon or before someone (1Co_6:1, 1Co_6:6). With metá (G3326), with, and the gen., with someone (Sept.: Ecc_6:10); with prós (G4314), before or toward and the acc., toward someone (Sept.: Job_31:13).
Deriv.: anakrínō (G350), to judicially investigate, examine; apokrínomai (G611), to respond; diakrínō (G1252), to separate thoroughly, discriminate, make to differ, judge thoroughly; egkrínō (G1469), to class with, count along, approve; eilikrinḗs (G1506), pure, sincere; epikrínō (G1948), to give sentence; katakrínō (G2632), to judge against, condemn; kríma (G2917), judicial decision; krísis (G2920), judgment; kritḗs (G2923), judge; sugkrínō (G4793), to judge one thing comparing it with another, to interpret; hupokrínomai (G5271), to speak or act under false identity.
Syn.: egkaléō (G1458), to accuse before a court of justice; kataginṓskō (G2607), to know something against, think ill of, condemn as a result of an enlightened conscience; katadikázō (G2613), to pronounce judgment, condemn; diaginṓskō (G1231), to ascertain exactly; diakrínō (G1252), to discern; logízomai (G3049), to reckon, esteem; exouthenéō (G1848), to set at naught; dokéō (G1380), to form an opinion.
Ant.: apologéomai (G626), to answer back in making a defense, to excuse oneself; dikaióō (G1344), to regard as just or innocent; aphíēmi (G863), to dismiss, forgive, remit, let go; apolúō (G630), to release; timáō (G5091), to judge well, render honor.
Word study.
Rom_14:13 “let us not judge one another” This is a present active subjunctive with the Negative particle which implies stopping an act already in process. This is not a warning but a prohibition. This is very similar to Rom_14:16. The term “judge” has already been used 5 times by Paul in Rom_14:1-12 and now four more times in Rom_14:13-23.
SPECIAL TOPIC: JUDGING (SHOULD CHRISTIANS JUDGE ONE ANOTHER?)
“not to put an obstacle or a stumbling block in a brother’s way”
This is a present active infinitive with the negative particle which implied the stopping of an act already in process. The same truth is stated in Rom_14:21 and 1Co_8:9.
The term “obstacle” referred to something in the road that causes one to stumble. The term “stumbling block” literally refers to a triggering mechanism on a baited animal trap.
There is a corporate aspect to Christianity. We are our fellow believers’ keeper, encourager, and friend. Faith is family!
SPECIAL TOPIC: JUDGMENT IN THE NT)
J.