In Christian angelology, Seraphim are the red-winged angels who, with Cherubim, are among the first hierarchy of angels next to the throne of God. According to the Old Testament Book of Isaiah, they have six wings: one pair for flying, another covering the face, and the third covering the feet.
In the Bible, the term “Seraphim” refers to a type of celestial being or heavenly creature that is described specifically in Isaiah 6. This passage is a vision that the prophet Isaiah had of the throne room of God, and it provides a glimpse into the heavenly realm:
“1 In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the Lord, high and exalted, seated on a throne; and the train of his robe filled the temple. 2 Above him were seraphim, each with six wings: With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet, and with two they were flying. 3 And they were calling to one another: ‘Holy, holy, holy is the Lord Almighty; the whole earth is full of his glory.’” (Isaiah 6:1-3)
The prophet Isaiah tells us that the seraphim are six-winged “fiery” angels, or heavenly beings, who surround God as He sits upon His exalted throne and who worship God continually (Isaiah 6). The seraphim also minister to the Lord and serve as His agents of purification, as demonstrated by their cleansing of Isaiah’s sins before he began his prophetic ministry. One placed a hot coal against Isaiah’s lips, saying, “See, this has touched your lips; your guilt is taken away and your sin atoned for” (Isaiah 6:7).
This description shows that Seraphim have six wings (three pairs), and their primary role is to praise and worship God. They are known for proclaiming God’s holiness with the repeated cry of “Holy, holy, holy is the Lord Almighty.” The imagery of the Seraphim in Isaiah’s vision emphasizes God’s transcendence and majesty.
Part of the angelic hierarchy, Seraphim are not as frequently mentioned in the Bible as other angelic beings, such as cherubim or archangels. Their role is primarily associated with worship and exaltation of God. The term “Seraphim” comes from the Hebrew word “seraph,” which means “burning ones” or “fiery ones,” possibly suggesting a radiant or intense nature.