Paul does not use modern “self-love” or “self-hate” categories, but in his letters he repeatedly addresses how the believer should view themselves in light of Christ’s work, contrasting self-centeredness (philautia, love of self) with Christ-centered humility, and also warning against a false self-loathing that denies God’s grace.
Romans 12:3 — “For I say, through the grace given to me, to everyone who is among you, not to think (hyperphronein) of himself more highly than he ought to think (phronein), but to think (phronein) soberly, as God has dealt to each one a measure of faith.”
Paul commands neither excessive self-love nor self-hate, but a sound, faith-based humility.
Galatians 2:20 — “I have been crucified (synestaurōmai) with Christ; it is no longer I who live (zō), but Christ lives (zē) in me; and the life which I now live (zō) in the flesh I live (zō) by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself for me.”
This is the most radical statement against self as the controlling center, without lapsing into despising oneself as worthless, since the self is now defined in union with Christ.
Philippians 2:3–4 — “Let nothing be done through selfish ambition (eritheia) or conceit (kenodoxia), but in lowliness of mind (tapeinophrosynē) let each esteem (hēgeisthai) others better than himself. Let each of you look out (skopein) not only for his own interests, but also for the interests of others.”
Paul assumes self-care is natural (“your own interests”), but calls it to be secondary to others’ needs.
Ephesians 5:28–29 — “So husbands ought to love (agapān) their own wives as their own bodies; he who loves (agapān) his wife loves (agapān) himself. For no one ever hated (misein) his own flesh, but nourishes (ektrephei) and cherishes (thalpei) it, just as the Lord does the church.”
Here Paul affirms a natural, God-given self-concern, not as selfish indulgence, but as the model for loving others.
1 Corinthians 15:9–10 — Paul confesses, “For I am (eimi) the least of the apostles, who am not worthy (hikanos) to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. But by the grace of God I am (eimi) what I am (eimi), and His grace toward me was not in vain.”
This blends humility with a healthy acceptance of identity in grace, avoiding both pride and self-hate.
J.