I think @Tyrone7 answered this pretty wisely. God is transcendent and beyond complete human comprehension. Using multiple metaphors, like Father, King, Rock, or Shepherd, helps finite human minds understand different facets of His character (His love, authority, stability, and care).
Different seasons of life reveal different aspects of God. In times of danger, seeing God as a Refuge or Rock offers safety and stability. In times of grief or loneliness, seeing God as a Father or Shepherd offers comfort and guidance. In times of injustice or decision-making, seeing God as King or Judge assures righteousness and order.
Relationships are multifaceted. A person can be a parent, a mentor, a protector, and a leader all at once. Scripture’s diverse language reflects the full depth of a dynamic relationship between God and people. I would like to highlight a few.
Shepherd (Psalm 23, John 10): Emphasizes personal care, guidance, patience, and sacrifice. A shepherd knows each sheep individually and actively seeks out the lost.
Father (Psalm 103:13, Matthew 6:9): Highlights intimacy, love, adoption, provision, and familial relationship rather than cold distance.
Rock / Refuge (Psalm 18:2, Psalm 46:1): Focuses on unchangeable dependability, protection, strength, and unwavering stability amid life’s storms.
King / Sovereign (Psalm 47, 1 Timothy 6:15): Points to ultimate authority, majesty, justice, and the assurance that world events are under supreme control.
Be blessed, be a blessing.
Peter