It depends on what you mean by Biblical. No, it is not written verbatim in the Bible. And it is not a Teaching of Christ. But one could see It as a possible explanation or observation regarding Why the Teachings of Christ are Wise. I believe this poetic Proverb of which you refer perfectly illuminates what happens if we continue in the old ways of thinking.
When embraced by all people, Vengeful, Retaliatory behavior leads to the Death of All People, and ultimately, to the Death of the Whole World. Like Sin itself. And we are given a choice before the Cross, like the crowd just before the crucifixion. A choice between Barabbas and Christ Jesus, one representing Sin and Vengeance, the other a choice to take up our own cross, to turn the other cheek, to allow the humiliation and the slight, in order to destroy sin and break the cycle.
And Cain, the first Murderer, is our Prime Example of the Path of Vengeance. Cain, who felt slighted by his brother was moved by his feeling of being wronged. He was moved to murder his brother, Able, even though Cain had in fact not been wronged at all. And yet Cain still murdered his brother to appease himself and his own wicked urge rather than to appease God. Which is even more deranged when you realize it was his failure to please God that led to his jealousy and urge to kill his brother who did please God.
And we see God, Who is Judge, warning Cain beforehand to deal with his urges before they lead him to do wrong. God Who, beforehand, saw the Path Sin would take and sought to intervene. But God does not force His Will upon a man but seeks to reason and sway the man away from the path that leads to death.
And in Deuteronomy 32:35, we see God say,
It is mine to avenge; I will repay.
In due time their foot will slip;
their day of disaster is near
and their doom rushes upon them.”
But what is God really saying or doing here? I think He is taking Vengeance away from us, out of our hands, telling us it is not ours but His Alone because we cannot make right what is wrong. Because He Alone, Who is Wise, and Merciful, and All Knowing, and Just, can fairly Judge the situation. Only by His Guidance do we follow the right path and actually balance the scale rather than creating further harm, death, bloodshed, loss of life.
And I don’t mean “guiding” like how some people pick up the Bible, read a Scripture, and suddenly feel empowered to go after sinners. That is not the same thing as being Guided by God, His Spirit upon them. Many people have died because someone thought they had a right to kill when it is not theirs to destroy a life. The Wicked Urge within them, taking the opportunity provided by an isolated Scripture, used it to murder and to fulfill that Thirst for blood, the Desire to Sin. Which is why I am constantly saying, be careful about correcting another and how you do it because you may actually be moved by the Wicked Urge rather than God, a log lodged in your own eye trying to remove a splinter from your brother. Perhaps instead of pulling out, to jab it further in, like Cain, until they are no more.
God, who could have taken Vengeance upon Cain, instead sent him away with a mark. Why? God, who created Sanctuary Cities for accidental murderers to flee and be safe. Why?
In my opinion, destroying life never rights the wrong. It always creates further debt, sin, death. Which is one more reason the Law could never save us. The Law leads to Death. It shows us our iniquities. But it does not show us how to defeat them. Only the Spirit of God can claim the Victory over Death. It leads to Life. And that Spirit Restores Life, Resurrects, Makes New. It Recovers what was lost so it is found again and known, returned to life, as the prodigal son is restored to life to his father and brother, while the brother stews- why am I not so loved. But brother, you are LOVED. You just don’t know it until you sink to your lowest depths how greatly LOVED you truly are. Blessed is the one, for whom the Shepherd abandoned the 99 in order to save. So that not even one will be lost.
Because God and God’s Character are so intertwined with Justice, and because that same Character is also intertwined with Grace, Mercy, Wisdom, Kindness, Compassion, Forgiveness, LOVE, and so on, Justice is also intertwined with these qualities and pursues the Restoration of Life. Rather than to make a larger void through a greater loss of life, it finds a way to close the gap and restore the Whole. The Whole Person, and the Whole World, throughout all space and time.
So Justice seeks a way to balance the scales and restore the Whole Creation to Life, to make it New again.
So what does God do? God uses all space and time to set the chess board, to set the pieces in place, each in their time, movements that will Save the World. For God so LOVED the World, and God looks for some way that his Exiled ones will not remain estranged but be restored to Him, for He is Lord of the Living.
And so we find:
- All are sinners who need the same forgiveness, one example of God balancing the scales.
- The Blood of Christ cleanses us all of Sin, another way of balancing the scales.
- That we die with Christ on the Cross, another way.
- That we become a New Creation through Christ and being filled with the Holy Spirit, the Spirit by which we are called Sons and Daughters of God. And yet, another way.
God, as Judge, is making movement after movement to ensure that no one is lost.